Ma valve a zipatandi mavavu odulidwa, omwe nthawi zambiri amaikidwa pa mapaipi okhala ndi m'mimba mwake kuposa 100mm, kudula kapena kulumikiza kutuluka kwa sing'anga mu chitoliro.Chifukwa diski ndi mtundu wa chipata, imatchedwanso avalve pachipata.Thevalve pachipataali ndi ubwino wochepa wosinthasintha khama komanso kukana kothamanga kochepa.Komabe, malo osindikizira ndi osavuta kuvala ndi kutayikira, stroko yotsegulira ndi yayikulu, ndipo kukonza kumakhala kovuta.Thevalve pachipatasungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati valavu yowongolera ndipo iyenera kukhala yotseguka kapena yotsekedwa kwathunthu.Mfundo ntchito ndi: pamenevalve pachipatachatsekedwa, tsinde valavu chimayenda pansi kutengera kusindikiza pamwambavalve pachipatandi kusindikiza pamwamba pa mpando wa valve kukhala wosalala kwambiri, wosalala komanso wosasinthasintha.Amakwanirana wina ndi mnzake kuti ateteze sing'anga kuti isadutse, ndikudalira mphero yapamwamba kuti iwonjezere kusindikiza.Chidutswa chotseka chimayenda motsatira njira yowongoka ya mzere wapakati.Pali mitundu yambiri yama valve pachipata, yomwe imatha kugawidwa mumtundu wa wedge ndi mtundu wofananira malinga ndi mitundu yawo.Mtundu uliwonse umagawidwa kukhala chipata chimodzi ndi zipata ziwiri.
1.2 Kapangidwe:
Thupi la valve lavalve pachipataamatenga mawonekedwe odzisindikiza okha.Kulumikizana pakati pa bonnet ndi thupi la vavu ndiko kugwiritsa ntchito kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwa sing'anga mu valavu kukakamiza kusindikiza kusindikiza kuti kusindikizidwe kuti akwaniritse cholinga chosindikiza.Thevalve pachipatakulongedza kumasindikizidwa ndi kupakidwa kwa asbestosi wothamanga kwambiri ndi waya wamkuwa.
Mapangidwe avalve pachipataimapangidwa makamaka ndi thupi la valavu, chivundikiro cha valve, chimango, tsinde la valve, ma discs a valve kumanzere ndi kumanja, ndi chipangizo chosindikizira.
2. Kukonzanso ndondomeko yavalve pachipata
2.1 Kusintha kwa ma valve:
2.1.1 Chotsani ma bolts a chimango chapamwamba cha bonati, masulani mtedza wa mabawuti anayi pa bonati, tembenuzirani mtedza wa tsinde mozungulira kuti mulekanitse chimango cha valavu kuchokera ku thupi la valve, ndiyeno gwiritsani ntchito chida chonyamulira chimango pansi , Ikani pa malo oyenera.Mtedza wa tsinde uyenera kupatulidwa kuti awunikenso.
2.1.2 Tulutsani mphete yotsekera pa mphete yodinda ya valavu, ndipo kanikizani pansi bonati ndi chida chapadera kuti mupange kusiyana pakati pa bonati ndi mphete zinayi.Kenako tulutsani mphete ya quad m'magawo.Pomaliza, gwiritsani ntchito chida chonyamulira kuti mukweze chivundikiro cha valavu pamodzi ndi tsinde la valavu ndi kuphulika kwa valve kunja kwa thupi.Ikani pa malo yokonza, ndipo tcherani khutu kupewa kuwonongeka kwa valavu clack olowa pamwamba.
2.1.3 Yeretsani mkati mwa thupi la valavu, yang'anani pamwamba pa mpando wa valve, ndikuwona njira yokonzera.Phimbani valavu yowonongeka ndi mbale yapadera yophimba kapena chophimba, ndikumata chisindikizo.
2.1.4 Masulani mabawuti a hinji a bokosi loyika pa chivundikiro cha valve.Gland yonyamula imamasulidwa ndipo tsinde la valve limachotsedwa.
2.1.5 Chotsani ma plints apamwamba ndi apansi a disk frame, chotsani ma disks kumanzere ndi kumanja, ndikusunga pamwamba pa chilengedwe chonse ndi gasket.Yezerani makulidwe onse a gasket ndikulemba mbiri.
2.2 Kukonza magawo osiyanasiyana a valve:
2.2.1 Malo olumikizana avalve pachipatampando uyenera kukhala pansi ndi chida chapadera chopera (mfuti yopera, etc.).Akupera angagwiritsidwe ntchito mchenga abrasive kapena emery nsalu.Njirayi ndi yochokera ku coarse mpaka yabwino, ndipo pamapeto pake imapukutidwa.
2.2.2 Malo ophatikizana a valve clack amatha kupukutidwa ndi dzanja kapena ndi makina opera.Ngati pamwamba pa dzenje lakuya kapena poyambira, amatha kutumizidwa ku lathe kapena chopukusira kuti akonze pang'ono, ndipo amapukutidwa pambuyo pokhazikika.
2.2.3 Tsukani boneti ndi kusindikiza kusindikiza, chotsani dzimbiri ndi dothi pamakoma amkati ndi akunja a mphete yosindikizira, kuti mphete yosindikizirayo ilowetsedwe kumtunda kwa bonnet, ndipo ndiyosavuta compress chisindikizo kulongedza.
2.2.4 Tsukani mkati mwa bokosi lodzaza tsinde la valve, fufuzani ngati mphete yamkati yonyamula mpando ilibe, kusiyana pakati pa dzenje lamkati ndi ndodo yodulira kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira, ndi mphete yakunja ndi khoma lamkati la kuyikapo. bokosi sayenera kupanikizana.
2.2.5 Tsukani dzimbiri pa packing gland ndi pressure plate, ndipo pamwamba payenera kukhala paukhondo ndi bwino.Kusiyana pakati pa dzenje lamkati la gland ndi ndodo yodulira kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira, ndipo khoma lakunja ndi bokosi lopangira zinthu liyenera kukhala lopanda jams, apo ayi kukonzanso kuyenera kuchitika.
2.2.6 Masulani mabawuti a hinge, fufuzani ngati gawo la ulusi lili bwino komanso natiyo ili bwino, imatha kupindika pang'ono ku muzu wa bawuti ndi dzanja, ndipo piniyo iyenera kukhala yosinthika kuti izungulira.
2.2.7 Chotsani dzimbiri pamwamba pa tsinde la valavu, fufuzani zopindika, ndi kuwongola ngati kuli kofunikira.Gawo la ulusi wa trapezoidal liyenera kukhala losasunthika, lopanda kusweka ndi kuwonongeka, ndikukutidwa ndi ufa wotsogolera pambuyo poyeretsa.
2.2.8 Tsukani mphete ya quad, ndipo pamwamba payenera kukhala yosalala.Ndegeyo siyenera kukhala ndi ma burrs kapena m'mphepete mwake.
2.2.9 Maboti onse omangirira ayenera kutsukidwa, mtedza uyenera kukhala wokwanira komanso wosinthasintha, ndipo ulusi uyenera kuphimbidwa ndi ufa wotsogolera.
2.2.10 Tsukani mtedza wa tsinde ndi kubereka kwamkati:
①Chotsani chikhomo cha valavu ya nati ndi zomangira zomangira nyumbayo, ndipo masulani zomangirazo molunjika koloko.
② Chotsani tsinde nati ndi zobereka, disc spring, ndi kuyeretsa ndi palafini.Yang'anani ngati chimbalangondo chimayenda mosinthasintha komanso ngati kasupe wa disc ali ndi ming'alu.
③ Tsukani mtedza wa tsinde la valve, fufuzani ngati zomangira zamkati za trapezoidal sizili bwino, ndipo zomangira zokhala ndi chipolopolo ziyenera kukhala zolimba komanso zodalirika.Kuvala kwa bushing kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira, apo ayi ziyenera kusinthidwa.
④ Valani chimbalangondocho ndi batala ndikuchiyika mu mtedza wa tsinde.Ma diski akasupe amaphatikizidwa momwe amafunikira ndikusonkhanitsidwanso motsatizana.Pomaliza, zitsekeni ndi mtedza wokhoma, ndiyeno mukonze molimba ndi screw.
2.3 Msonkhano wavalve pachipata:
2.3.1 Kwezani ma diski oyenerera kumanzere ndi kumanja pa mphete ya tsinde ndikuyikonza ndi zingwe zakumtunda ndi zapansi.Mkati mwake uyenera kuyikidwa pamwamba pa chilengedwe chonse, ndipo gasket yosinthika iyenera kuyesedwa molingana ndi momwe zimakhalira.
2.3.2 Lowetsani tsinde la valavu pamodzi ndi disiki ya valavu mumpando wa valavu kuti muyesedwe.Pambuyo pa diski ya valve ndi malo osindikizira a mpando wa valve akugwirizana kwathunthu, ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti kusindikiza pamwamba pa diski ya valve ndipamwamba kuposa kusindikiza pamwamba pa mpando wa valve ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira za khalidwe.Apo ayi, iyenera kusinthidwa.Kuchuluka kwa gasket pamwamba mpaka kuli koyenera, ndipo anti-return gasket amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti asindikize kuti asagwe.
2.3.3 Yeretsani thupi la valve, ndikupukuta mpando wa valve ndi disc.Kenako ikani tsinde la valve ndi chimbale cha valve pampando wa valve, ndikuyika chivundikiro cha valve.
2.3.4 Ikani zosindikizira monga zimafunikira pa gawo lodzisindikizira la bonati.Mafotokozedwe olongedza ndi kuchuluka kwa matembenuzidwe ayenera kukumana ndi mulingo wabwino.Mbali yapamwamba ya kulongedza imapanikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi mphete yokakamiza, ndipo potsiriza imatsekedwa ndi mbale yophimba.
2.3.5 Sonkhanitsani mphete ya quadruple m'zigawo chimodzi chimodzi, gwiritsani ntchito mphete yotsekera kuti muyikulitse kuti isagwe, ndikumangitsani nati wa bawuti yokwezera bonati.
2.3.6 Lembani tsinde la valve yosindikizira bokosi ndi kulongedza momwe mukufunikira, ikani mu gland ya ntchito ndi mbale ya pressure, ndipo yang'anani mwamphamvu ndi wononga hinge.
2.3.7 Ikani chimango cha bonati, tembenuzani mtedza wamtunda kuti chimango chigwere pa valavu, ndikumangirirani ndi mabawuti kuti zisagwe.
2.3.8 Ikani chipangizo chamagetsi cha vavu;waya wapamwamba wa gawo lolumikizira ayenera kumangidwa kuti asagwe, ndikuyesani pamanja ngati chosinthira cholumikizira chimasinthasintha.
2.3.9 Dzina la valve ndi lomveka bwino, losasunthika komanso lolondola.Zolemba zokonza ndizokwanira komanso zomveka;ndipo chokumana nachocho chalandiridwa ngati choyenerera.
2.3.10 Mapaipi ndi ma valve ali ndi zotchingira zonse, ndipo malo okonzera ayenera kuyeretsedwa.
3. Miyezo yabwino yavalve pachipatakukonza
3.1 Mphamvu yamagetsi:
3.1.1 Thupi la valve liyenera kukhala lopanda zilema monga matuza, ming'alu ndi kukwapula, ndipo liyenera kuthetsedwa pakapita nthawi.
3.1.2 Pasakhale zinyalala m'thupi la valve ndi payipi, ndipo polowera ndi potuluka ziyenera kutsekedwa.
3.1.3 Pulagi yopukutira pansi pa thupi la vavu iyenera kutsimikizira kusindikiza kodalirika komanso kusatayikira.
3.2 Mtundu wa valve:
3.2.1 Kupindika kwa tsinde la valve sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa 1/1000 ya utali wonse, mwinamwake iyenera kuwongoleredwa kapena kusinthidwa.
3.2.2 Gawo la ulusi wa trapezoidal la tsinde la valve liyenera kukhala losasunthika, lopanda kusweka, kugwedeza ndi zolakwika zina, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kuvala sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa 1/3 ya makulidwe a ulusi wa trapezoidal.
3.2.3 Pamwamba pake ndi yosalala komanso yoyera, yopanda dzimbiri komanso sikelo, ndipo gawo lolumikizirana losindikiza ndi paketiyo liyenera kukhala ndi dzimbiri lopanda pake komanso kuti delamination.Kuzama kofananako kwa dzimbiri ≥ 0.25 mm kuyenera kusinthidwa ndi chatsopano.Kumaliza kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa kukhala pamwamba ▽6.
3.2.4 Ulusi wolumikiza uyenera kukhala wosasunthika ndipo zikhomo ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa modalirika.
3.2.5 Ziphuphu ndi mtedza zikaphatikizidwa, ziyenera kusinthasintha mosasunthika, popanda kupanikizana panthawi yonse ya sitiroko, ndipo ulusiwo ukhale wokutidwa ndi ufa wotsogolera kuti utetezedwe.
3.3 Chisindikizo chonyamula:
3.3.1 Kuthamanga ndi kutentha kwa kulongedza komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za sing'anga ya valve, ndipo mankhwalawa ayenera kutsagana ndi chiphaso kapena kuyesa koyenera.
3.3.2 Zolemba zonyamula ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kukula kwa bokosi losindikizidwa, ndipo zisalowe m'malo ndi kulongedza kwakukulu kapena kochepa kwambiri.Kutalika kwapang'onopang'ono kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kukula kwa valve, ndipo malire otsekemera amayenera kusungidwa.
3.3.3 Mawonekedwe a filler ayenera kudulidwa mu mawonekedwe oblique, ngodya ndi 45 °, zolumikizira za bwalo lililonse ziyenera kugwedezeka ndi 90 ° -180 °, kutalika kwa filler pambuyo kudula kuyenera kukhala koyenera, ndipo payenera kukhala. palibe kusiyana kapena alipo pa mawonekedwe mu stuffing bokosi chodabwitsa.
3.3.4 Mphete yapampando ndi zonyamula katundu ziyenera kukhala zonse komanso zopanda dzimbiri ndi litsiro.Bokosi loyikapo liyenera kukhala loyera komanso losalala.Kusiyana pakati pa ndodo ya chipata ndi mphete ya mpando kuyenera kukhala 0.1-0.3 mm, ndipo kuchuluka kwake sikuyenera kupitirira 0,5 mm.The kulongedza gland ndi mpando mphete kusiyana pakati pa periphery ndi khoma lamkati la stuffing bokosi ndi 0.2-0.3 mm, ndipo pazipita si kuposa 0.5 mm.
3.3.5 Maboti a hinge akamangika, mbale yokakamiza iyenera kukhala yosalala komanso yolimba.Bowo lamkati la chithokomiro cholongedza ndi mbale yokakamiza ziyenera kukhala zogwirizana ndi chilolezo chozungulira tsinde la valve.Chovala chonyamula chiyenera kukanikizidwa mu chipinda chonyamulira kuti chikhale 1/3 ya kutalika kwake.
3.4 Kusindikiza pamwamba:
3.4.1 Kusindikiza pamwamba pa chimbale cha valve ndi mpando wa valve pambuyo pokonza kuyenera kukhala kopanda mawanga ndi ma grooves, ndipo gawo lolumikizana liyenera kukhala loposa 2/3 ya valavu yotsegulira m'lifupi, ndipo mapeto ake ayenera kufika ▽10 kapena Zambiri.
3.4.2 Sonkhanitsani valavu yoyesera.Pambuyo poyikidwa pampando wa valve, pakati pa valve chiyenera kukhala 5-7 mm pamwamba kuposa mpando wa valve kuti zitsimikizire kuti zimakhala zolimba.
3.4.3 Posonkhanitsa ma disks kumanzere ndi kumanja, onetsetsani kuti kudziwongolera kumakhala kosavuta, ndipo chipangizo chotsutsa kugwa chiyenera kukhala chokhazikika komanso chodalirika.
3.5.1 Ulusi wamkati wamkati uyenera kukhala wokhazikika, ndipo pasakhale zomangira zosweka kapena zomangira mwachisawawa, ndipo kukonza ndi chipolopolo chakunja kuyenera kukhala kodalirika komanso kopanda kumasuka.
3.5.2 Zigawo zonse zonyamula ziyenera kukhala zosasunthika komanso zosinthika kuti zizizungulira.Palibe zolakwika, monga ming'alu, dzimbiri, zikopa zolemera, etc. pamwamba pa jekete lamkati ndi mpira wachitsulo.
3.5.3 Chitsime cha disc chiyenera kukhala chopanda ming'alu ndi mapindikidwe, apo ayi chiyenera kusinthidwa ndi chatsopano.3.5.4 Zomangira zomangira pamwamba pa nati wa loko sizimamasulidwa.Mtedza wa tsinde umayenda mosinthasintha, ndipo chilolezo cha axial chimatsimikizika koma osapitirira 0.35 mm.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-10-2021