Imodzi, ndivalavukutayikira, njira zopewera kutayikira kwa nthunzi.
1. Ma valve onse ayenera kuyesedwa ndi hydraulic ya magiredi osiyanasiyana akalowa mufakitale.
2. Ndikofunikira kusokoneza ndi kukonza valve iyenera kukhala pansi.
3. Pakukonza mopitirira muyeso, yang'anani ngati nsongayo ikuwonjezedwa ndipo chiwombankhanga chomangika.
Vavu ya 4 musanayike iyenera kuyang'ana ngati pali fumbi, mchenga, okusayidi yachitsulo ndi zinyalala zina mkati mwa valve.Ngati pamwamba sundries ayenera kutsukidwa pamaso unsembe.
5. Mavavu onse ayenera kukhala ndi ma gaskets a kalasi yofananira asanakhazikitsidwe.
6. Limbikitsani zomangira poika zitseko za flange, ndikumangitsani ma bolts munjira yofananira.
7. Pogwiritsa ntchito ma valve, ma valve onse ayenera kuikidwa molondola molingana ndi dongosolo ndi kupanikizika, ndipo kuika mwachisawawa ndi kusakaniza kumaletsedwa.Pachifukwa ichi, ma valve onse ayenera kuwerengedwa ndi kulembedwa molingana ndi dongosolo asanakhazikitsidwe.
Awiri, pa kupewa miyeso malasha kutayikira.
1. Ma flanges onse ayenera kuikidwa ndi zipangizo zosindikizira.
2. Madera omwe amakonda kuchucha ufa ndi mavavu a malasha olowetsa ndi kutumiza kunja a mphero za malasha, zophatikizira malasha, flanges opanga, ndi mbali zonse zolumikizidwa ndi flanges.Chifukwa chake, tiwunika mwatsatanetsatane mbali zonse za zida za opanga zomwe zimatha kutulutsa ufa.Ngati palibe zosindikizira, tidzakhazikitsanso kachiwiri ndikumangitsa zomangira.
3. Chodabwitsa cha kutuluka kwa ufa chikhoza kuchitika muzitsulo zowotcherera za chitoliro cha malasha chophwanyika, tidzatenga njira zotsatirazi.
3.1 Pamaso kuwotcherera olowa, malo kuwotcherera olowa ayenera mosamala opukutidwa kuti zitsulo luster ndi opukutidwa kwa kuwotcherera poyambira chofunika.
3.2 Kusiyana kofananira kuyenera kusungidwa musanayambe kufanana, ndipo ndikoletsedwa kukakamiza kufananitsa.
3.3 Zipangizo zowotcherera ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, ndipo ziyenera kutenthedwa ngati zimafunikira nyengo yozizira.
Chachitatu, kutayikira kwamafuta, kuthamanga kwamafuta ndi njira zina zodzitetezera.
1. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchita bwino kutayikira ndi kuyendetsa mafuta kwadongosolo lamafuta.
2. Yang'anani ndikuyeretsa dongosolo ndi thanki yosungirako mafuta mosamala musanayike.
3. Kuyesa kwa hydraulic kuyenera kuchitidwa pazida zokhala ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi.
4. Mayeso a Hydraulic ndi pickling akuyeneranso kuchitidwa pamapaipi amafuta.
5. Poika mapaipi amafuta, zolumikizira zonse za flange kapena zolumikizira zamoyo zokhala ndi zomangira za silika ziyenera kuikidwa mphira wosamva mafuta kapena asbestos wosamva mafuta.
6. Malo otayira a mafuta amafuta makamaka amakhazikika pa flange ndi ulusi wamoyo wolumikizana, kotero ma bolts ayenera kumangika mofanana poika flange.Pewani kutayikira kapena kukanika kotayirira.
7. Panthawi yosefera mafuta, ogwira ntchito yomanga ayenera kumamatira ku nsanamira zawo nthawi zonse, ndipo ndizoletsedwa kuchotsa kapena kuwoloka mizati.
8. Fyuluta yamafuta iyenera kuyimitsidwa musanalowe m'malo mwa pepala losefera mafuta.
9. Mukayika chitoliro cholumikizira mafuta osakhalitsa (paipi yapulasitiki yowoneka bwino kwambiri yamphamvu), cholumikiziracho chiyenera kumangiriridwa mwamphamvu ndi waya wotsogolera kuti chitetezeke chodabwitsa cha kuthawa mafuta pambuyo poti fyuluta yamafuta yakhala ikugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.
10. Ikani anthu ogwira ntchito yomanga kuti azisamalira ntchito ya fyuluta yamafuta.
11. Makina othandizira amafuta asanayambe kuyendetsa mafuta, dipatimenti ya uinjiniya imakonza anthu omwe amayang'anira kayendedwe ka mafuta owonjezera kuti afotokoze mwatsatanetsatane zaukadaulo.
Iv.Pewani thovu, kuphulika, kudontha ndi kutayikira kuphatikiza zida ndi zida zopangira zitoliro.Pali njira zotsatirazi zopewera:
1. Zitsulo zokhotakhota gaskets ntchito flange gaskets pamwamba 2.5mpa.
2, 1.0Mpa-2.5mpa flange gaskets, gaskets asbestos, ndi yokutidwa ndi wakuda lead ufa.
3, pansi pa 1.0mpa madzi chitoliro flange kusindikiza pad ndi mphira PAD, ndi yokutidwa ndi wakuda kutsogolera ufa.
4, koyilo yapampopi yamadzi imapangidwa ndi PTFE fiber composite coil.
5. Pa gawo losindikiza la utsi ndi mapaipi a malasha amphepo, chingwe cha asibesitosi chimapindidwa ndikuwonjezeredwa pamalo olumikizirana nthawi imodzi.Ndizoletsedwa kumangitsa zomangira pambuyo polumikizana mwamphamvu.
Zisanu, kuchotsa valavu kutayikira ali miyeso zotsatirazi
chifukwa cha kutayikira kwa valve tiyenera kuchita izi)
1. Chidziwitso chabwino chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa pakuyika ndi kumanga mapaipi, ndipo pepala la oxide ndi khoma lamkati la payipi liyenera kutsukidwa mosamala, osasiya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikuwonetsetsa kuti khoma lamkati la payipi ndi loyera.
2. Choyamba, onetsetsani kuti 100% ya ma valve omwe amalowa pamalowa ayenera kukhala mayeso a hydrostatic.
3. Vavu akupera ayenera kuchitidwa mozama.Ma valve onse (kupatula ma valve otumizidwa kunja) ayenera kutumizidwa ku gulu logaya kuti ayang'ane zowonongeka, kugaya ndi kukonza, ndi kukwaniritsa udindo, kulemba mosamala ndi kuzindikira, zosavuta kuzitsatira.Mavavu ofunikira ayenera kulemba tsatanetsatane wa kuvomerezedwa kwachiwiri, kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za "stamping, checking and recording".
4. Chitseko choyamba cholowera madzi ndi chitseko choyatsira madzi chiyenera kudziwikiratu.Ma valve okhawo amaloledwa kutsegulidwa panthawi ya kuyesa kwa hydrostatic, ndipo ma valve ena saloledwa kutsegula mwakufuna, kuti ateteze pakati pa valve.
5. Pamene payipi yatulutsidwa, yatsani ndikuyimitsa pang'onopang'ono kuti spool isawonongeke.
Ngati ikutha, chifukwa chiyani?
(1) kukhudzana pakati pa magawo otsegulira ndi kutseka ndi malo osindikizira a mpando wa valve;
(2) kulongedza ndi tsinde ndi kulongedza bokosi lofananira;
(3) kugwirizana pakati pa thupi la valve ndi chivundikiro cha valve
Chimodzi mwazomwe zimatuluka kale zimatchedwa kutayikira kwamkati, komwe nthawi zambiri kumanenedwa kukhala kosalala, kumakhudza kuthekera kwa valavu kudula sing'anga.Kutulutsa kuwiri komalizaku kumatchedwa kutuluka kwakunja, ndiko kuti, kutuluka kwa media kuchokera ku valavu kupita ku valavu kunja.Kutayikira kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa zinthu, kuwononga chilengedwe, kungayambitsenso ngozi.
Kugwa kwenikweni, kusanthula kutayikira kwamkati, kutayikira kwamkati nthawi zambiri kumakhala:
Mavavu ali ndi mulingo wololera wotuluka mkati molingana ndi mtundu wawo, kupanikizika kwamachitidwe osiyanasiyana, ndi media media.M'lingaliro lokhazikika, chowonadi cha '0′ chotulutsa valavu kulibe.Nthawi zambiri, ma valve ang'onoang'ono padziko lonse lapansi ndi osavuta kukwaniritsa kutayikira kosawoneka (osati kutayikira kwa zero), pomwe ma valve akulu akulu am'mimba amakhala ovuta kukwaniritsa kutayikira kosawoneka.Pakachitika kutayikira kwamkati kwa valavu, choyamba, tiyenera kuyesa kumvetsetsa kutayikira kwamkati mkati, kutanthauza kutayikira kwa valve, kutayikira kwamkati kumachitika pamene dongosolo logwirira ntchito ndi zinthu zina zowunikira mwatsatanetsatane, kuti zitheke molondola. weruzani kutulutsa kwamkati kwa valve.
(1) Vuto lamkati lotuluka la valve yofanana.
Mfundo yogwira ntchito ya valve yofanana yachipata ndikudalira kusinthasintha kwa dongosololo ku mbali yotuluka ya spool ndi mpando wosindikizira pamwamba, pakakhala kutsika kwambiri kwa dongosolo, pangakhale chodabwitsa chochepa chamkati pambuyo pa valve. .Pakachitika kutayikira kwamkati koteroko, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipitirize kuyang'ana ndikuyang'ana kusindikiza kwa valve pamene kulowetsedwa kwa dongosolo kumafika pakupanga mapangidwe kapena kuthamanga kwa ntchito.Ngati pali kutayikira kwambiri, iyenera kusweka ndikuyika valavu yosindikiza.
(2) kutayikira kwamkati kwa valavu ya wedge.
Nthawi zina ndi chifukwa cha mode osiyana valavu kulamulira, chifukwa Mlengi pamene mapangidwe kusankha, lolingana tsinde ndi tsinde mtedza ndi mphamvu ya kapangidwe sanali kuganizira makokedwe kulamulira mode, ndi ntchito mode sitiroko kulamulira, ngati anakakamizika kuyenda mu njira yotsekera kuwongolera kwa torque, imatha kuwononga nati ya tsinde la valve, etc. Pa nthawi yomweyi, imayambitsa kulephera kwa mutu wamagetsi pamene imatsegulidwa ndi kutsegulira kolakwika kwa alamu.Pankhani ya kutuluka kwamkati kwa valve iyi, nthawi zambiri imatsekedwa pamanja pambuyo pa kutsekedwa kwa magetsi, kenako kutsekedwa.Ngati pali kutayikira kwamkati pambuyo pa kutsekedwa kwa bukhuli, kumasonyeza kuti kusindikiza pamwamba pa valve kuli ndi vuto, ndiyeno kumafunika kupasuka ndi pansi.
(3) kutayikira kwamkati kwa valve cheke.
Yang'anani kusindikiza kwa valve kumadaliranso kusiyana kwa mphamvu ya dongosolo, pamene kulowetsedwa kwa valve yolowera kumakhala kotsika kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa kutuluka kudzakhalanso ndi kukwera pang'ono, ndiye kuyenera kufufuzidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kudziwa kutuluka kwamkati. , malinga ndi kusanthula kwa kapangidwe kake kuti asankhe kutenga ntchito yokonza thupi.
(4) Kutuluka kwamkati kwa valve yaikulu ya disc disc.
Muyezo wa kutulutsa kwamkati kwa valavu yayikulu ya disc disc nthawi zambiri ndi yayikulu kwambiri.Pamene mphamvu yolowera ikuwonjezeka, mphamvu yotuluka imawonjezekanso.Pa vutoli, kutayikira kwamkati kuyenera kuweruzidwa poyamba, ndipo chigamulo chokonzekera kapena ayi chiyenera kupangidwa molingana ndi kutuluka kwamkati.
(5) kutulutsa kwamkati kwa valve yolamulira.
Chifukwa mawonekedwe a valavu yowongolera ndi yosiyana, muyezo wa kutayikira kwamkati siwofanana, nthawi yomweyo, valavu yowongolera imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira sitiroko, (osagwiritsa ntchito torque control), kotero pali zambiri zamkati. kutayikira chodabwitsa.Vuto lamkati lamkati la valve yoyendetsa liyenera kuchitidwa mosiyana, ndipo valavu yoyendetsa yomwe ili ndi zofunikira zapadera zowonongeka mkati ziyenera kuganiziridwa pakupanga ndi kupanga.Pali zotsutsana zambiri mu XX Nuclear Power Plant.Ma valve ambiri amakakamizika kusinthidwa kukhala torque control, zomwe zimawononga ntchito ya valve yolamulira.
Kuti mumve zambiri:
(1) Kusankhidwa kwa zinthu zolakwika ndi kutentha kwa ma valve amkati, kuuma kosakwanira, kosavuta kuonongeka ndi madzi othamanga kwambiri.
(2) Chifukwa cha malire a mawonekedwe a valve, madzimadzi kudzera mu mphamvu ya valve (liwiro) alibe mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito, mphamvu yovala mphamvu pamtunda wosindikiza;Kuthamanga kwambiri kumabweretsa kupanikizika kochepa kumbuyo kwa valve, komwe kumakhala kotsika kusiyana ndi kuthamanga kwa machulukitsidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa cavitation.Mu cavitation ndondomeko, mphamvu zonse pamene kuwira kuphulika ndi anaikira pa kuphulika mfundo, chifukwa zikwi Newtons wa mphamvu mphamvu, ndi kuthamanga kwa mantha yoweyula ndi mkulu monga 2 × 103Mpa, amene kwambiri kuposa kutopa kulephera malire. zida zachitsulo zomwe zilipo.Ma disks olimba kwambiri ndi mipando amathanso kuonongeka ndikutuluka mu nthawi yochepa kwambiri.
(3) Valve imagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono potsegula kwa nthawi yayitali, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhala kokwera kwambiri, mphamvu yowonongeka ndi yaikulu, ndipo mbali zamkati za valve zimawonongeka mosavuta.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-20-2021