M'mapaipi amadzimadzi, valavu ndiye chinthu chowongolera, ntchito yake yayikulu ndikupatula zida ndi mapaipi, kuwongolera kutuluka, kupewa kubwereranso, kuwongolera ndi kutulutsa kuthamanga.
Mavavu angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulamulira otaya mpweya, madzi, nthunzi, zosiyanasiyana zikuwononga TV, matope, mafuta, zitsulo zamadzimadzi ndi wailesi radioactive ndi mitundu ina ya madzimadzi.Monga dongosolo la mapaipi kusankha valavu yoyenera kwambiri ndilofunika kwambiri, kotero, kumvetsetsa makhalidwe a valve ndi kusankha masitepe a valve ndi maziko kwakhala kofunika kwambiri.
Gulu la mavavu:
Choyamba, valavu ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:
Mtundu woyamba wa vavu wodziwikiratu: kudalira sing'anga (zamadzimadzi, mpweya) luso lake ndi zochita zake za valavu.
Monga valavu yoyang'ana, valavu yotetezera, valavu yoyendetsa, valavu ya msampha, valve yochepetsera ndi zina zotero.
Mtundu wachiwiri wa valavu yoyendetsa: Buku, magetsi, hayidiroliki, pneumatic kulamulira valavu zochita.
Monga valavu pachipata, valavu globe, valavu throttle, valavu butterfly, valavu mpira, valavu pulagi ndi zina zotero.
Awiri, malingana ndi makhalidwe structural, malinga ndi malangizo a mbali kutseka wachibale ndi valavu mpando kayendedwe akhoza kugawidwa:
1. Kutseka mawonekedwe: gawo lotsekera limayenda pakati pa mpando;
2. Mawonekedwe a chipata: gawo lotsekera limayenda pakati pa mpando woyima;
3. Tambala ndi mpira: mbali yotseka ndi plunger kapena mpira, yozungulira mzere wake wapakati;
4. Mawonekedwe a swing: mbali zotsekera zimazungulira mozungulira kunja kwa mpando;
5. Chimbale: chimbale cha zigawo zotsekedwa zimazungulira kuzungulira mpando;
6. Valavu yotsegula: gawo lotsekera limayenda molunjika ku njira.
Atatu, malinga ndi ntchito, malinga ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana valavu akhoza kugawidwa:
1. Kugwiritsa ntchito kuphwanya: kumagwiritsidwa ntchito podutsa kapena kudula mapaipi, monga valavu ya globe, valavu yachipata, valavu ya mpira, valavu ya butterfly, ndi zina zotero.
2. Yang'anani: amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kubwereranso kwa media, monga ma valve cheke.
3 malamulo: amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha kupanikizika ndi kutuluka kwa sing'anga, monga valavu yoyendetsa, valve kuchepetsa kuthamanga.
4. Kugawa: kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha kayendedwe ka sing'anga, sing'anga yogawa, monga tambala wa njira zitatu, valve yogawa, valve slide, etc.
5 valve chitetezo: pamene kuthamanga kwapakati kupitirira mtengo wotchulidwa, kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa sing'anga yowonjezereka kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo cha mapaipi ndi zida, monga valavu yachitetezo ndi valavu yangozi.
6.Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwapadera: monga valavu ya msampha, valve yotulutsa mpweya, valavu yamadzi osambira, etc.
7.Four, molingana ndi njira yoyendetsera galimoto, malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yoyendetsa imatha kugawidwa:
1. Buku: mothandizidwa ndi gudumu lamanja, chogwirira, lever kapena sprocket, ndi zina zotero, ndi galimoto yaumunthu, kuyendetsa galimoto yaikulu ya mphutsi ya torque, gear ndi chipangizo china chochepetsera.
2. Zamagetsi: zoyendetsedwa ndi galimoto kapena chipangizo china chamagetsi.
3. Hydraulic: Kuyendetsa mothandizidwa ndi (madzi, mafuta).
4. Pneumatic: yoyendetsedwa ndi mpweya woponderezedwa.
Zisanu, molingana ndi kukakamizidwa, malingana ndi kuthamanga kwadzina kwa valve kungagawidwe:
1. Vacuum valve: kuthamanga kwathunthu <Ma valve okhala ndi kutalika kwa 0.1mpa, kapena 760mm hg, nthawi zambiri amasonyezedwa ndi mm hg kapena mm column ya madzi.
2. Vavu yotsika: kuthamanga mwadzina PN≤ 1.6mpa vavu (kuphatikiza PN≤ 1.6mpa valavu yachitsulo)
3. Vavu yapakati yapakati: kuthamanga kwadzina PN2.5-6.4mpa valve.
4. Valavu yapamwamba: kuthamanga kwadzina PN10.0-80.0mpa valve.
5. Vavu yapamwamba kwambiri: kuthamanga mwadzina PN≥ 100.0mpa valve.
Zisanu ndi chimodzi, malinga ndi kutentha kwa sing'anga, malinga ndi valavu yogwira ntchito sing'anga kutentha akhoza kugawidwa:
1. Vavu wamba: yoyenera kutentha kwapakati -40 ℃ ~ 425 ℃ valavu.
2. Vavu yotentha kwambiri: yoyenera kutentha kwapakati 425 ℃ ~ 600 ℃ valavu.
3. Vavu yosamva kutentha: yoyenera kutentha kwapakati pamwamba pa 600 ℃ valavu.
4. Vavu yotsika kutentha: yoyenera kutentha kwapakati -150 ℃ ~ -40 ℃ valavu.
5. Vavu yotsika kwambiri ya kutentha: yoyenera kutentha kwapakati pansipa -150 ℃ valavu.
Zisanu ndi ziwiri, malinga ndi m'mimba mwake mwadzina, malinga ndi m'mimba mwake mwadzina la valavu akhoza kugawidwa:
1. Vavu yaing'ono yaing'ono: DN <40mm valve.
2. Vavu yapakati pakatikati: valavu ya DN50 ~ 300mm.
3. Vavu yaikulu m'mimba mwake: mwadzina m'mimba mwake DN350 ~ 1200mm valavu.
4. Vavu yokulirapo m'mimba mwake: valavu yamadzina DN≥1400mm.
Viii.Iwo akhoza kugawidwa malinga kugwirizana akafuna valavu ndi payipi:
1. Vavu yopindika: thupi la valavu lokhala ndi flanged, ndi chitoliro chokhala ndi valavu yopindika.
2. Vavu yolumikizana ndi ulusi: thupi la valavu lokhala ndi ulusi wamkati kapena ulusi wakunja, valavu yolumikizana ndi payipi.
3. valavu yolumikizira yolumikizidwa: thupi la ma valve okhala ndi ma welds, ndi mapaipi okhala ndi ma welds.
4. Vavu yolumikizira: valavu yokhala ndi cholumikizira, ndi valavu yolumikizira chitoliro.
5. Valavu yolumikizira manja: valavu imalumikizidwa ndi manja ndi mapaipi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-11-2021